So what are some solutions?
1. allow markup in <summary>. Does this require that we support mode= as with content? Alternatively support a small subset of XHTML? Both seem ugly.
The trouble with this is the inverse of Sam's concern: people will stuff the entire content in [summary] (like people now do with [description] in some flavors of RSS) and eschew [content] altogether.
3. Migrate the <summary> *inside* the <content>. Something like <content><summary>... no markup here ...</summary> <body full="true|false"> ... </body>. Then you could have the mode="xml|escaped|base64" on <content> apply to both <summary> and <body>
Off the top, I like #3.
The problem with #3 is that it makes summary-only feeds slightly more complex. And I'm not sure this is solving the original problem that you introduced. You have rich summaries that contain markup. How do you represent that?
<content mode="xml"> <atom:summary xmlns="...html..."> <em>No</em> markup outside of <content>! </atom:summary> </content>
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Cheers, Tim Bray
(ongoing fragmented essay: http://www.tbray.org/ongoing/)