Phillip, HBP> There is another way to avoid this, leave out the identity issue HBP> altogether. Please what it means to authenticate something, when there is no identity being authenticated. For starters, what is the authentication tied to? d/ -- Dave Crocker <dcrocker-at-brandenburg-dot-com> Brandenburg InternetWorking <www.brandenburg.com> Sunnyvale, CA USA <tel:+1.408.246.8253>